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Philosophy can be a tool for improving practice; however, the gap between philosophy and practice often seems impossible to close. Elias identified four ways in which this distance can be lessened: explanation, criticism, direction, and imagination. For instance, philosophy can be used to explain results and process, while the experience of practice gives new insights into theory. Criticism refers to determining how well a given theory seems to fit reality. Through criticism, we can examine the mission of Extension and identify some basic assumptions about the clients we serve.
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Apps has used the term "working philosophy" to refer to "an individual adult educator's system of beliefs." According to Apps, a working philosophy grows out of common sense. However, common sense isn't always sufficient to deal with the frequent need to make conflicting choices in our daily practice. Everyone has a working philosophy. This philosophy is an outgrowth of the sum of our personal values, experiences, and lifestyles, and is clearly reflected in the way we function as professionals. A key, then, is to be able to articulate this viewpoint. By doing this, philosophy becomes a practical tool that can provide a rationale for certain decisions we make. In other words, a working philosophy can give us greater control over the decisions we make.
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Philosophy doesn't provide cookbook solutions to the many dilemmas we face in day-to-day practice. However, it can help us to understand ourselves and why we make certain decisions. The educational role of the Extension professional is much too important to leave to mere chance or tradition. Philosophy provides an informed alternative.
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